How Can I Improve My Energy Efficiency at Home?

What Does It Mean to Have an Energy Efficient Home?

Energy efficiency means using the least amount of energy possible to perform a task. In residential contexts, this means making deliberate efforts to conserve energy while preventing wasteful consumption, particularly important for Ireland's climate and carbon reduction goals.

Why Is Home Energy Efficiency Important?

1. Lower Energy Costs — Efficient homes consume significantly less energy, reducing annual bills
2. Health Benefits — Well-insulated, temperature-controlled homes prevent cold, damp conditions
3. Property Value — Energy-efficient homes command higher market prices
4. Environmental Impact — Reduces carbon emissions and helps combat climate change

What Factors Influence Home Energy Efficiency?

Six primary factors affect energy performance:

• Building Materials — High-quality insulation in walls, roofs, and floors retains heat effectively
• Heating Systems — Account for up to 60% of monthly electricity bills
• Ventilation — Quality ventilation prevents moisture and heat loss
• Renewable Energy — Solar panels and wind turbines enable self-sufficiency
• Smart Technology — Digital smart thermostats, smart plugs, and LED bulbs reduce consumption
• Lighting Fixtures — Energy-efficient options like LEDs significantly lower usage

How Is Energy Efficiency Measured?

The Building Energy Rating (BER) certificate rates homes on a scale from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient). Assessors evaluate walls, floors, roof insulation, windows and doors, heating and cooling systems, ventilation, renewable energy installations, and lighting fixtures.

Assessment costs range from €100–€300 and are mandatory for rented or sold properties.

BER Rating Comparison

What Can I Do to Make My Home More Energy Efficient?

Insulation

• Attic insulation — Most critical area; heat rises and escapes through roofs
• Cavity wall insulation — Insulates space between interior and exterior walls
• Floor insulation — Prevents ground moisture and cool air infiltration

Window Upgrades

Windows can lose up to 8 times more heat than equivalent wall areas. Modern double or triple glazing significantly reduces heat loss.

Heating System Upgrades

Heating accounts for nearly 80% of annual energy bills. Modern alternatives include:

Solar Panels

Approximately 60,000 Irish homes now have solar installations. Two main types exist:

• Solar PV — Generates electricity for home use or grid export
• Solar Thermal — Heats domestic hot water only

Under the Micro-Generation Support Scheme, homeowners can sell excess electricity back to their provider.

Five Budget-Friendly Behavioural Changes

1. Turn off radiators in unused rooms and close doors
2. Use draught blockers and sealant to prevent heat escape
3. Insulate hot water cylinders with minimum 75mm jackets
4. Replace energy-hungry appliances with air fryers, microwaves, and pressure cookers
5. Turn off and unplug unused appliances; transition to LED lighting

Are There Government Grants Available?

The Sustainable Energy Authority of Ireland (SEAI) manages three primary schemes:

1. Better Energy Homes Scheme — For homeowners managing upgrades independently
2. Better Energy Warmer Homes Scheme — Free upgrades for low-income households
3. National Home Energy Upgrade Scheme — For BER B2+ rating targets using private companies

Eligible improvements include attic insulation, wall insulation, heating controls, solar thermal, solar PV, heat pumps, and BER assessments. Windows, doors, and gas/oil boiler replacements are not covered.

Qualification Requirements

• Own pre-2011 properties (insulation/heating controls) or pre-2021 (heat pumps/renewables)
• Use SEAI-registered contractors
• Install new materials meeting required standards
• Obtain post-work BER from certified assessors

Frequently Asked Questions About Home Energy Efficiency